Which region is declared as the first hotspot in india. Geographic distribution patterns and status assessment of. It contains over 7 per cent of the worlds biodiversity on 2. Iucn world conservation union red data books explicitly document and highlight biodiversity losses at the species level and are important tools for guiding the conservation activities of governments and conservation organisations.
Red data book overview, advantages and its disadvantages byjus. Ten hotspot ecoregions were identified, containing 3110 plant genera 92. Apr 25, 2018 while hotspots are spread all over the world, the majority of which are forest areas and most are located in the tropics. Using data of the red data book of european butterflies we establish the speciesarea relationship s8. Biodiversity hotspots are regions characterized both by exceptional levels of plant endemism and serious levels of habitat loss.
These data are carefully curated by each iucn red list partners organisation. Times of indiaiucn red list wikipediareport of red data book iucn red lists. The red data books published by the international union. In 2010, an update of the red book was approved by the government of the. Apr 08, 2021 star uses data from the iucn red list of threatened species to give each species a score based on their conservation status. The iucn india country office was established in 2007 in new delhi. A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. The park was established in yavorovski district, lvov oblast, western ukraine. In order to maintain proper ecological balance a forest should be cleared and new ones are planted b a tree should be planted in place of one that is cut for other uses. The red data books published by the international union for. Detecting biodiversity hotspots using speciesarea and. The park provides protection to more than 40 species of vascular plants, 27 of which are listed in the ukraines red data book. Related to figures 1, 2 and 3 and star methods section experimental model and subject details. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
But, unfortunately, no quantitative study has been done yet to assess the diversity status of these red listed plant species in any of the pas which can play a substantial role in implementing pragmatic conservation strategies. The red data book of iucn has listed 2 species of plants and animals as critically. What is the percentage of indias contributions to global biodiversity. Red data books are furthermore widely recognised as the most comprehensive, apolitical evaluation of the. Neet biology chapter wise mock test biodiversity and. Four of 34 globally identified biodiversity hotspots. The red data books published by the international union for con.
It also contains two of the worlds 25 biodiversity hotspots, because of their extraordinarily high levels of speciesrichness and endemicity, and threatened status. The book which keeps the record of all endangered species including plants and animals. They are now being published in many different countries and provide useful information on the threat status of the species. Here, we defined hotspot counties as the top 5% of land area with the highest density of each of. Succulent karoo protected areas unesco world heritage centre. Pdf hotspots of biodiversity areas particularly rich in species, rare species, threatened. The red data books published by the international union for conservation of nature and natural resourcesiucn consists lists of 1. Which of the following statements regarding biodiversity hot. The red data book of the mammals national red list. India became a state member of iucn in 1969, through the ministry of environment, forest and climate change moefcc. Geographic locations of the ten biodiversity hotspots red and six coldspots blue that were analyzed in this study. The red data books published by the international union for conservation of nature and natural resources iucn contain lists of 1. This diversity can be attributed to the vast variety of landforms and climates resulting in habitats ranging from tropical to temperate, and from alpine to desert.
Recent anthropogenic plant extinctions differ in biodiversity. Biodiversity and its conservation multiple choice questions and answers 1. Iucn red list india red data list red book part1 pmf ias. Apr 07, 2020 researchers in this collaboration used big data and an optimization algorithm to try to balance the benefits of protecting certain locations with high biodiversity against costs, such as the loss. To assess general trends and dynamics of processes underlying recent plant extinctions, we expanded upon the international union for conservation of natures iucn current list of 153 global vascular plant extinctions, using data from regional and countryspecific red lists, red data books, and expert surveys, covering floras from both. A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation. Researchers use big data to identify biodiversity hotspots. The loss of diversity leads to, extinction of species. India has tremendous biodiversity, genetic as well as of species and ecosystems. List is a critical indicator of the health of the worlds biodiversity.
Presently, total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world is a 25 b. The region should have at least 1500 species of vascular plants i. The red data book was first issued in 1966 by the lucns special survival commission as a guide for formulation, preservation and management of species listed. Applying confidence limits as tools for the identification of hotspot countries we show that in the case of butterflies hotspots of endemism and hotspots of overall species richness do not coincide. What is iucn, red data book,red data list knowing about. Red list programme, world conservation union, species survival commission, 219c huntingdon road, cambridge cb3 odl, united kingdom abstract.
Pdf detecting biodiversity hotspots using speciesarea. The rain forests are evergreen forests and rich in biodiversity. There are 36 areas around the world that are qualified as biodiversity hotspots. Jan 21, 2021 the concept of biodiversity hotspots was developed by the norman myers in 1988 when he identified that the tropical forest losing its plants species as well as habitat. Detecting biodiversity hotspots using speciesarea and endemics. Which of the following statements regarding biodiversity hotspots are incorrect. Species that are near threatened according to the iucn have a. The himalayas, the western ghats, the northeast, and the nicobar islands in india.
The china red data book of endangered plants fu 1992 and the china red data book of endangered animals wang 1998 provided information on the distrib. Sep 19, 2020 red data book deals with a organisms on the verge of extinction b endemic plants. International union for conservation of nature and natural resources iucn. Loss of biodiversity has a immense impact on plant and animal life. Cameroon contains tropical africas most speciesdiverse hotspots for plants. Biodiversity and its conservation multiple choice questions. However, there remains some spatial dissimilarity among the different types of hotspot counties. With the intent to conserve the biodiversity, organisms of the world were divided into the 5 species. Information about the madagascar and indian ocean islands biodiversity hotspot was developed using the ecosystem profile pdf 7. Protected sites for conservation of nature and natrual resources in various countries. Pdf detecting biodiversity hotspots using speciesarea and. May 15, 2019 the red data books published by the international union for conservation of nature and natural resources iucn contain lists of endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots. Top 100 environmental questions and answers pdf for quiz. Aug 28, 2015 red of course is symbolic of the danger that these species both plants and animals presently experience throughout the globe.
World wildlife week is observed during a first week of october b last week of october c third week of october d first week of september. Find out the concept of biodiversity hotspots, criteria to qualify as a biodiversity hotspot and the name of. There are organizations and institutions at the national and international level for developing and coordinating biodiversity conservation. Endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots.
The institution, later in 1972 went on to publish the red data book, after extensive worldwide study of 4 years on plants and animals. Climate change threatens half of wildlife in biodiversity. Biodiversity hotspots 2 main qualifying criteria according to conservation international, a region must fulfill the following two criteria to qualify as a hotspot. What will be the consequences of loss of biodiversity. Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Earths biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions and a paper published in. Red data book contains information about a red coloured insects. Apr 10, 2018 the concept of biodiversity hotspots was developed by the norman myers in 1988 when he identified that the tropical forest losing its plants species as well as habitat. Biodiversity hotspot based on red data book listed endangered species of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, xingyi is one of nine vertebrate biodiversity hotspots of china. Importance of wildlife lies in a balancing the population b maintenance of food chains and natural cycles. Some important biodiversity hotspots of the world are, atlantic forest, group of east malaysian islands, mountains of south west china, islands of madagascar, central america, columbia, central chile, eastern. Biodiversity loss and red data book definition, examples. A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation norman myers wrote about the concept in two articles in the environmentalist 1988, and 1990 revised after thorough analysis by myers and others hotspots. Biodiversity in chinas mountains tang 2006 frontiers.
An example map of invertebrate biodiversity hotspots for species of nature conservation significance, from records held on the authors mapmate databases the essex field club is working with the essex wildlife trust to establish a collaborative approach that ensures the local development framework documents and maps currently being prepared by. There are 30 new biodiversity hotspots in the world. The succulent karoo biome is home to 6 356 plant species, 40% of which are endemic and 936 17% of which are listed in the red data book and is the most biodiverse arid area in the world and contains the most important and significant natural habitat for the insitu conservation of biological diversity. Our data included floras from ten hotspots california floristic province, cape floristic region, chilean winter rainfall and valdivian forests, mediterranean basin, maputulandpondolandalbany, new zealand. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was developed by the norman myers in 1988 when he identified that the tropical forest losing its plants species as well as habitat. Sep 09, 2019 results and discussion extinction rates and trends. The yavorovski national park of ukraine is spread in 7078. Geographical distribution patterns of endangered fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals and their hotspots in china. The succulent karoo biome is home to 6 356 plant species, 40% of which are endemic and 936 17% of which are listed in the red data book and is the most biodiverse arid area in the world and contains the most important and significant natural habitat for the in. Pdf tropical africas first red data book for plants. Nearly half the worlds vascular plant species and onethird of terrestrial vertebrates are endemic to 25 hotspots of biodiversity, each of which has at least 1500 endemic plant species.
Mountains of central asia sources information about the mountains of central asia biodiversity hotspot was developed using the ecosystem profile pdf 6. Red data book is famous for a endangered plants and animals b extinct plants c endangered plants d endangered animals. Pdf endangered species diversity hot spots in russia and. Apr 18, 2008 chen y, chen ap, fang jy 2002 geographical distribution patterns of endangered fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals and their hotspots in china. The red data books published by the international union for conservation of nature and natural resources iucn contain lists of endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots. Assessing the diversity of national red listed vascular. Our data included floras from ten hotspots california floristic province, cape floristic region, chilean winter rainfall and valdivian forests, mediterranean.
Wildlife refers to a plants in water and on land b animals in the forests c living organism in their natural habitats d carnivorous animals such as lion, tiger etc answer. The concept was introduced in 1998 to identify important ecosystems with need for conservation measures1. Geographical distribution patterns of endangered fishes. The various types of biodiversity hotspot counties those based on the density of all, endemic, and endangered taxa tended to be clustered in a few key regions such as the hengduan mountains, the upper reaches of the hongshui river, the east china mountains, hainan island, and taiwan island. Areas which exhibit high species richness as well as endemism are termed as hotspots of biodiversity. The country is situated in the indoburma region and is recognized as a global biodiversity hotspot. The red data book is a public document which is created for recording endangered and rare species of plants, animals, fungi as well as some local subspecies. Rbse solutions for class 10 science chapter 19 biodiversity. Among them are lions, tigers, panthers, jaguars, leopards, civets, genets, african palm civets hyenas, mongooses, madasker carnivores, wild dogs, red panda, raccoons, weasels.
Feb 06, 2012 in 2001, bangladesh national herbarium and iucn jointly developed national red data book which enlisted 106 red listed vascular plants, those are in the risk of extinction. Myers introduced this term, at that time 25 hotspots were identified out of which 2 were. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on myers 2000 edition of the hotspot map, a region must meet two strict criteria. Feb 06, 2021 the 34 biodiversity hotspots of the world are home to 42% endemic species, 55% freshwater fish and 50% endemic species of plants. Biodiversity hotspots of the world essay environment. Protected sites for conservation of nature and natural resources in various countries. The himalayas, the western ghats, the northeast, and the nicobar islands, can be found in india. Based on red data book listed endangered species of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, xingyi is one of nine vertebrate biodiversity hotspots of china. Pdf red data book of the flowering plants of cameroon. A new study by wwf predicts drastic consequences for animal species around the world if temperatures. Mar 16, 2020 hotspots are areas characterized with high concentration of endemic species experiencing unusual rapid rate of habitat modification loss. In this book, information for endangered mammals and birds. Biodiversity hotspots definition, 4 regions in india. Biodiversity hotspots are clearly defined in literature.
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